Cambrian Hyolithids (Hyolitha) from San José de Gracia, Sonora, Mexico. Stratigraphic and paleogeographic considerations
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Abstract
In the region of San José de Gracia, Ures, Sonora state, a lower Paleozoic sedimentary sequence is exposed, consisting of oolitic limestone, siltstone, shale, and limestone. This sequence is characterized by an abundant and diverse fossil biota consisting of oncoidal algal structures, trace fossils, and invertebrates such as sponges, brachiopods, hyoliths, trilobites and blastoids. In this paper, two species are identified for the first time from San José de Gracia: Hyolithes cf. H.sonora Lochman, 1952, which was previously described for the Cambrian of Caborca in the northwestern region of Sonora state; and for the first time in Mexico Haplophrentisreesei Babcock and Robison, 1988, which was previously referred to the middle Cambrian of northern Utah, United States of America. The distribution of Cambrian organisms in San José de Gracia, together with hyoliths, shows that there was a wide marine province that included Greenland, northwestern Canada, southwestern United States of America, South America, northern Europe, Asia, and northeastern Australia, which was part of the Panthalassic Ocean.
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